Right of first refusal and pre-emption
Right of first refusal gives priority to acquire an asset at the same price as a third party before the sale closes. Pre-emption operates ex post: allows stepping into the buyer's position after the sale (within 9 days of registration). Legal (LAU, bordering rural neighbours) and contractual types exist.
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Other Civil law terms
The portion of an estate that the law reserves for certain heirs (forced heirs): descendants, ascendants and spouse. It cannot be overridden by will except for legal grounds of disinheritance.
Mortgage clause setting a minimum interest rate, preventing the borrower from benefiting from Euribor drops. Declared abusive due to lack of material transparency (STS 9/5/2013).
Public document granted before a notary by which one person (grantor) authorizes another (agent) to act on their behalf for specific or general legal acts.
Obligation to repair damage caused to another by culpable or negligent action or omission, without a prior contractual relationship. Requires action, damage, causal nexus and fault or negligence.
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