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Guides to civil, labor, criminal and family procedures. Legal AI and legal technology for lawyers.

GDPR and Spanish Data Protection Law in Law Firms: Practical Obligations (2026)
Compliance11 min

GDPR and Spanish Data Protection Law in Law Firms: Practical Obligations (2026)

Practical guide to data protection for lawyers: GDPR, LOPDGDD, professional secrecy and special categories, controller vs. processor, DPO, AEPD sanctions and basic firm compliance.

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Right to Strike in Spain: RDL 17/1977, Limits, Essential Services and Unlawful Strikes (2026)
Legal10 min

Right to Strike in Spain: RDL 17/1977, Limits, Essential Services and Unlawful Strikes (2026)

Analysis of the right to strike in Spain: art. 28.2 CE, RDL 17/1977, calling a strike, 5/10-day notice, essential services minimums, illegal and abusive strikes, and dismissal during a strike.

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Medical Malpractice Liability in Spain: Medical Records, Informed Consent and Medical Standard of Care (2026)
Legal12 min

Medical Malpractice Liability in Spain: Medical Records, Informed Consent and Medical Standard of Care (2026)

Analysis of medical malpractice liability in Spain: lex artis ad hoc, informed consent (Ley 41/2002), medical records as evidence, healthcare centre liability and bodily harm assessment.

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Termination of Residential Tenancy in Spain: Grounds, Eviction and Procedure (LAU 2026)
Procedures11 min

Termination of Residential Tenancy in Spain: Grounds, Eviction and Procedure (LAU 2026)

Analysis of grounds for termination of residential tenancy (LAU art. 27): rent non-payment, expiry, breach termination, eviction for expiry, RD-law 6/2023 reform and case law.

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Civil Appeal to the Supreme Court in Spain: Art. 477 LEC, Legal Interest and Admissibility (2026)
Procedures11 min

Civil Appeal to the Supreme Court in Spain: Art. 477 LEC, Legal Interest and Admissibility (2026)

Guide to civil cassation appeal to the Spanish Supreme Court: art. 477 LEC, legal interest grounds, contradictory court decisions, incorrect application of Supreme Court doctrine, grounds, deadlines and preparation brief.

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Drug Trafficking Offence (Art. 368 CP Spain): Types, Mitigating Circumstances and Case Law (2026)
Legal11 min

Drug Trafficking Offence (Art. 368 CP Spain): Types, Mitigating Circumstances and Case Law (2026)

Analysis of art. 368 CP: basic and aggravated drug trafficking (arts. 369-369 bis CP), minimum psychoactive dose, penalties, drug dependence mitigation, shared self-consumption and Supreme Court case law.

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Nullity of Unfair Terms in Consumer Loans: CJEU 2023 and Collective Actions Spain (2026)
Legal11 min

Nullity of Unfair Terms in Consumer Loans: CJEU 2023 and Collective Actions Spain (2026)

Analysis of unfair terms nullity in consumer loans: CJEU C-520/21, disproportionate APR, revolving credit, collective actions and restitution of unduly charged amounts in Spain.

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Cybercrime in Spain: Art. 197 Penal Code, Hacking, Sexting and Cyberstalking (2026)
Legal13 min

Cybercrime in Spain: Art. 197 Penal Code, Hacking, Sexting and Cyberstalking (2026)

Complete guide to cybercrime in Spain: discovery and disclosure of secrets (Art. 197 CP), unauthorized access to computer systems, non-consensual sharing of intimate images (Art. 197.7 CP), and cyberstalking (Arts. 172 ter and 183 CP).

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Directors' Liability in Spain: Arts. 236-241 LSC and Insolvency (2026)
Legal14 min

Directors' Liability in Spain: Arts. 236-241 LSC and Insolvency (2026)

Analysis of company director liability in Spain: derivative action (art. 238 LSC), individual action (art. 241 LSC), insolvency liability (art. 456 TRLC), requirements, limitation periods and defence strategy.

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Mandatory Leave for Public Office: Employee Rights and Reinstatement Spain (2026)
Legal10 min

Mandatory Leave for Public Office: Employee Rights and Reinstatement Spain (2026)

Analysis of mandatory leave for public office in private sector (Art. 46.1 ET) and civil servant leave (TREBEP): Social Security contributions, job reservation, seniority accrual and reinstatement rights in Spain.

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Civil Appeal in Spain: Complete Guide (Arts. 455-467 LEC)
Procedures11 min

Civil Appeal in Spain: Complete Guide (Arts. 455-467 LEC)

Everything about civil appeals in Spain: grounds, deadlines, appeal brief, cross-appeal, hearing and ruling. Arts. 455-467 LEC 2000 updated 2026.

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Insolvency Proceedings in Spain: Procedure, Phases and Effects (TRLC 2020)
Legal13 min

Insolvency Proceedings in Spain: Procedure, Phases and Effects (TRLC 2020)

Complete guide to insolvency proceedings in Spain: requirements, filing, insolvency administrator, restructuring plan and liquidation. TRLC updated 2022.

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Civil Liability in Traffic Accidents: Damage Scale and LRCSCVM Spain 2026
Legal12 min

Civil Liability in Traffic Accidents: Damage Scale and LRCSCVM Spain 2026

Complete guide to civil liability in road accidents: mandatory insurance, personal injury scale (LRCSCVM), updated 2026 tables, personal and property damage.

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Usufruct and Bare Ownership in Spain: Rights, Obligations and Taxation (Arts. 467-529 CC)
Legal11 min

Usufruct and Bare Ownership in Spain: Rights, Obligations and Taxation (Arts. 467-529 CC)

Complete guide to usufruct in Spain: creation, usufructuary rights, obligations, termination, bare ownership and tax valuation under ISD tables.

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Residential Tenancy Contract: Complete LAU 2024 Guide
Practical Guides12 min

Residential Tenancy Contract: Complete LAU 2024 Guide

Everything you need to know about residential tenancies in Spain: duration, rent, deposit, abusive clauses and tenant rights under the reformed LAU.

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Consensual vs. Contested Divorce in Spain: Differences, Costs and Timeline
Procedures11 min

Consensual vs. Contested Divorce in Spain: Differences, Costs and Timeline

Full comparison between consensual and contested divorce: requirements, procedure, child arrangements, pensions, and Supreme Court criteria.

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Directors' Liability in Spanish Companies: When Personal Assets Are at Risk
Legal10 min

Directors' Liability in Spanish Companies: When Personal Assets Are at Risk

Analysis of director liability in Spanish companies: liability for corporate debts, derivative and individual actions, and mandatory dissolution obligations.

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Workplace Harassment (Mobbing) in Spain: How to Prove It and Your Legal Options
Practical Guides10 min

Workplace Harassment (Mobbing) in Spain: How to Prove It and Your Legal Options

Practical guide on mobbing in Spain: legal concept, constitutive conduct, evidence, judicial actions and Supreme Court criteria.

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Intestate Succession in Spain: Who Inherits and in What Order When There Is No Will
Practical Guides9 min

Intestate Succession in Spain: Who Inherits and in What Order When There Is No Will

Guide to intestate succession in Spain: order of heirs, surviving spouse rights, representation and collation, with reference to the Civil Code.

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Abusive Bank Clauses in Spain: Floor Clauses, Mortgage Costs and IRPH, Step-by-Step Claim
Case Law11 min

Abusive Bank Clauses in Spain: Floor Clauses, Mortgage Costs and IRPH, Step-by-Step Claim

Updated guide on claiming abusive mortgage clauses: floor clauses, setup costs, IRPH and early termination after CJEU case law.

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Administrative Appeal in Spain: When and How to Challenge a Government Decisión
Procedures10 min

Administrative Appeal in Spain: When and How to Challenge a Government Decisión

Practical guide to administrative appeals in Spain: deadlines, prior requirements, ordinary and abbreviated procedure, and interim measures.

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Traffic Offences in Spain: Fines, Points and How to Appeal
Procedures8 min

Traffic Offences in Spain: Fines, Points and How to Appeal

Everything about traffic offences in Spain: classification, fine amounts, early payment discount, points deduction and procedure for challenging the penalty notice.

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Forced Heirship in Catalonia vs Spanish Civil Code: Key Differences Every Lawyer Must Know
Comparisons12 min

Forced Heirship in Catalonia vs Spanish Civil Code: Key Differences Every Lawyer Must Know

Comparative analysis of Catalán forced heirship (1/4 of the estate, Book IV CCC) versus the Spanish Civil Code (2/3). Practical examples, civil domicile, and conflict-of-law rules.

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Personal Income Tax in the Basque Country: Why Foral Rules Change Everything
Practical Guides14 min

Personal Income Tax in the Basque Country: Why Foral Rules Change Everything

Practical guide to personal income tax in the Basque Historical Territories: Economic Agreement, rate differences, exclusive deductions, and fiscal domicile rules.

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