Hidden defects (latent defects)
Defects in the sold item making it unfit for its use or reducing its utility so much that the buyer would not have acquired it or would have paid less had they known. The seller is liable even if unaware, unless otherwise agreed. The buyer may choose between rescission (redhibitory action) or price reduction (quanti minoris). Time limit: 6 months.
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Other Civil law terms
The portion of an estate that the law reserves for certain heirs (forced heirs): descendants, ascendants and spouse. It cannot be overridden by will except for legal grounds of disinheritance.
Mortgage clause setting a minimum interest rate, preventing the borrower from benefiting from Euribor drops. Declared abusive due to lack of material transparency (STS 9/5/2013).
Public document granted before a notary by which one person (grantor) authorizes another (agent) to act on their behalf for specific or general legal acts.
Obligation to repair damage caused to another by culpable or negligent action or omission, without a prior contractual relationship. Requires action, damage, causal nexus and fault or negligence.
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