Void dismissal
Dismissal that violates fundamental rights or civil liberties, or occurs in protected circumstances (pregnancy, maternity/paternity, reduced working hours for care, discrimination). Consequence: mandatory reinstatement with back pay, with no option of compensation.
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Other Labor law terms
Agreement between worker representatives and employers regulating working conditions in a sector or company. Has regulatory force and is published in the BOE or regional gazette.
Voluntary suspension of the employment contract. Voluntary leave requires 1 year of seniority and lasts 4 months to 5 years, without job reservation (only re-entry preference). Childcare leave does reserve the position for the first year.
Wage Guarantee Fund: public body that partially guarantees outstanding wages and severance when the company is insolvent or enters insolvency proceedings.
Procedure to terminate contracts for economic, technical, organizational or production reasons exceeding legal thresholds (e.g. 10 workers in 90 days in companies of 100+). Requires consultation period with union representatives.
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